Mycoplasmas are opportunistic bacteria present in humans and animals.
In total, several dozen varieties of mycoplasmas are known, of which 16 can negatively affect human health. Moreover, the negative impact is noted only with reduced immunity, as well as the presence of concomitant diseases.
Risk groups and routes of infection
The main ways of infection with mycoplasmas are vertical and sexual. Vertical, that is, during the passage of the child through the birth canal, is most dangerous for girls. Thus, about a quarter of newborn girls have mycoplasmas on their external genitalia. The number of boys who became infected in the same way is twice as low; moreover, cases of self-healing are recorded in boys.
The sexual route of infection is relevant for sexually mature adults. The risk of infection with mycoplasmas during unprotected sexual intercourse is close to one hundred percent, while infection does not mean mycoplasmosis.
Signs of the disease
The primary symptoms of mycoplasmosis that should make a woman think about the health of her genitourinary system:
irregular (and not coinciding with the menstrual cycle) faint transparent or whitish discharge from the genitals;
unpleasant and later painful sensations during urination (indicating an inflammatory process in the tissues of the urethra – bladder, urethra);
mild pulling pains immediately before menstruation and with other hormonal changes (a sign of the spread of the inflammatory process to the ovaries and uterus).
It is impossible to ignore the primary symptoms, since a prolonged inflammatory process leads to the development of adnexitis, abscesses, endometritis and other pathological processes.
Complications that manifest with serious discomfort in the affected area, already requiring emergency treatment:
acute pain in the genital area;
urinary disorders;
men have sexual dysfunctions, including impotence, infertility;
women have miscarriage, as well as infertility caused by obstruction of the fallopian tubes.
Common complications of mycoplasmosis:
pyelonephritis;
in women, bacterial vaginosis;
in women, inflammatory processes in the uterus and appendages;
men have urethritis, inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis).
Depending on the disease, which manifests itself as a complication of mycoplasmosis, certain symptoms appear.
Diagnostics
The following types of laboratory tests are considered the most effective:
PCR;
sowing;
IFA, MUTUAL FUND;
detection of antibodies to mycoplasmas (does not indicate mycoplasmosis).
Treatment
When identifying pathological conditions that may be caused by mycoplasmas, it should be borne in mind that these microorganisms are conditionally pathogenic, and, therefore, even their presence in the analyzes does not mean that they are the cause of the disease. However, the treatment in this case is mostly symptomatic, plus antibiotic therapy. Thus, treatment of urethritis, regardless of the pathogen, includes antibiotic therapy, immunosuppressive (or immunomodulatory) therapy, urethral instillation, as well as a course of physiotherapy procedures. But urethritis in about half of all cases is a consequence of mycoplasmosis, as well as other inflammatory processes affecting the pelvic organs.
Prevention
Mycoplasmosis can be prevented by following several recommendations:
strict observance of personal hygiene, and especially in public areas (swimming pool, public bath, gym, etc.);
being careful in choosing sexual partners (refusing to have sexual relations with strangers, sex workers);
treatment of both partners in the detection of diseases caused by mycoplasmas, as well as any other sexually transmitted diseases. Support contacts are listed under melbet download in case of issues.